Copyright is a certain kind of intellectual property right that gives its owner the exclusive right to make copies of creative work, usually for a limited timeline. The creative work can be in any form, such as literary, artistic, educational, or musical form.
Copyright is a certain form of intellectual property protection provided by the Intellectual Property Authority; Copyright protection is available for the work of original authorship fixed in a tangible form, whether published or unpublished. The categories of works protected by copyright laws include paintings, literary works, live performances, photographs, movies, software, etc. and many more.
Who is a copyright owner?
Everyone is a copyright owner. Once you create an original work and fix it, like taking a photograph, writing a poem or blog, or recording a new song, you are the author and the owner.
Companies, organizations, and other people besides the work’s creator can also be copyright owners. Copyright law allows ownership through “works made for hire,” which establishes that works created by an employee within the scope of employment are owned by the employer. The work made for hire doctrine also applies to certain independent contractor relationships, for certain types of commissioned works.
Copyright ownership can also come from contracts like assignments or from other types of transfers like wills and bequests.
Copyright is originality and fixation
Original Works
Works are original when they are independently created by a human author and have a minimal degree of creativity. Independent creation simply means that you create it yourself, without copying. The Supreme Court has said that, to be creative, a work must have a “spark” and “modicum” of creativity. There are some things, however, that are not creative, like: titles, names, short phrases, and slogans; familiar symbols or designs; mere variations of typographic ornamentation, lettering, or coloring; and mere listings of ingredients or contents. And always keep in mind that copyright protects expression, and never ideas, procedures, methods, systems, processes, concepts, principles, or discoveries.
Fixed Works
A work is fixed when it is captured (either by or under the authority of an author) in a sufficiently permanent medium such that the work can be perceived, reproduced, or communicated for more than a short time. For example, a work is fixed when you write it down or record it.
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