How to do Income Tax Capital Gain Index?

How to do Income Tax Capital Gain Index?

Prices of goods increase over time, resulting in a fall in the purchasing power (quantity of goods that one unit of money can buy) of money. If two units of goods could be bought for Rs 100 today, tomorrow only one unit might be available for Rs 100 due to inflation. Cost Inflation Index (CII) is used to estimate the increase in the prices of goods and assets year-by-year due to inflation.
The Cost Inflation Index (CII) for the financial year 2021-22 is 317.

Why is Cost Inflation Index calculated

Cost Inflation Index is calculated to match the prices to the inflation rate. In simple words, an increase in the inflation rate over time will lead to a rise in the prices.

Who notifies the Cost Inflation Index

The Central Government specifies the cost inflation index by notifying in the official gazette.
Cost Inflation Index = 75% of the average rise in the Consumer Price Index* (urban) for the immediately preceding year.

*Consumer Price Index compares the current price of a basket of goods and services (which represent the economy) with the cost of the same basket of goods and services in the previous year to calculate the increase in prices.

What is the current Cost Inflation Index

Financial YearCost Inflation Index (CII)
2001-02 (Base year)100
2002-03105
2003-04109
2004-05113
2005-06117
2006-07122
2007-08129
2008-09137
2009-10148
2010-11167
2011-12184
2012-13200
2013-14220
2014-15240
2015-16254
2016-17264
2017-18272
2018-19280
2019-20289
2020-21301
2021-22317

How is Cost Inflation Index used in Income Tax

Long-Term Capital Assets are recorded at cost price in books. Despite increasing inflation, they exist at the cost price and cannot be revalued. When these assets are sold, the profit amount remains high due to the higher sale price as compared to purchase price. This also leads to a higher income tax. The cost inflation index is applied to the long-term capital assets, due to which purchase cost increases, resulting in lesser profits and lesser taxes to benefit taxpayers. To benefit the taxpayers, cost inflation index benefit is applied to the long-term capital assets, due to which purchase cost increases, resulting in lesser profits and lesser taxes.

What is the concept of base year in Cost Inflation Index

The base year is the first year of the cost inflation index and has index value as 100. Index of all other years is compared to the base year to see the increase in inflation percentage. For any capital asset purchased before the base year of cost inflation index, taxpayers can take the purchase price as higher of the “actual cost or Fair Market Value (FMV) as on 1st day of the base year. Indexation benefit is applied to the purchase price so calculated. FMV is based on the valuation report of a registered valuer.

Why is the base year of Cost Inflation Index changed to 2001 from 1981

Initially, 1981-82 was considered as the base year. But, taxpayers were facing hardships in getting the properties valued which were purchased before 1st April 1981. Tax authorities were also finding it difficult to rely on the valuation reports. Hence, the government decided to shift the base year to 2001 so that valuations can be done quickly and accurately. So, for a capital asset purchased before 1st April 2001, taxpayers can take higher of actual cost or FMV as on 1st April 2001 as the purchase price and avail benefit of indexation.

How is indexation benefit applied to long-term capital assets

When the indexation benefit is applied to “Cost of Acquisition” (purchase price) of the capital asset, it becomes “Indexed Cost of Acquisition”.






Points to Ponder

  • In case of property received in the will, CII has to be taken for the year in which the property is received. Actual purchase year of the property has to be ignored.
  • Ignore the improvement cost incurred before 1st April 2001.
  • Index benefit is not allowed in case of bonds or debentures except capital indexation bonds or sovereign gold bonds issued by RBI.




For more information on this, visit TAXAJ

Posted by Aashima
Team TaxaJ

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