Types of GST Returns and Due dates
GSTR-1
GSTR-1 is the return to be furnished for reporting details of all outward supplies of goods and services made. In other words, it contains the invoices and debit-credit notes raised on the sales transactions for a tax period. GSTR-1 is to be filed by all normal taxpayers registered under GST, including casual taxable persons.
Any amendments to sales invoices made, even of previous tax periods, should be reported in the GSTR-1 return by all the suppliers or sellers.
The filing frequency of GSTR-1 is currently as follows:
(a) Monthly, by 11th* of every month- If the business has an annual aggregate turnover of more than Rs.5 crore or has not opted into the QRMP scheme.
(b) Quarterly, by 13th** of the month following every quarter- If the business has opted into the QRMP scheme.
*Till September 2018, the due date was the 10th of every month.
**Till December 2020, was the end of the month succeeding the quarter.
GSTR-2A
GSTR-2A is a view-only dynamic GST return relevant to the goods and services recipient or buyer. It contains the details of all inward supplies of goods and services, i.e., purchases made from GST registered suppliers during a tax period.
The data is auto-populated based on data filed by the corresponding suppliers in their GSTR-1 returns. Further, data filed in the Invoice Furnishing Facility (IFF) by the QRMP taxpayer also get auto-filled.
Since GSTR-2A is a read-only return, no action can be taken on it. However, it is referred by the buyers to claim an accurate Input Tax Credit (ITC) for every financial year across multiple tax periods. If any invoice is missing, the buyer can communicate with the seller to upload it in their GSTR-1 on a timely basis.
It was used frequently for claiming ITC for every tax period until August 2020. After that, the buyers must mostly refer to GSTR-2B, static return, to claim the input tax credit for every tax period.
GSTR-2B
GSTR-2B is a view-only static GST return important for the recipient or buyer of goods and services. It is available every month, starting in August 2020 and contains constant ITC data for a period whenever checked back.
ITC details will be covered from the date of filing GSTR-1 for the preceding month (M-1) up to the date of filing GSTR-1 for the current month (M). The return is made available on the 12th of every month, giving sufficient time before filing GSTR-3B, where the ITC is declared.
GSTR-2B provides action to be taken against every invoice reported, such as to be reversed, ineligible, subject to reverse charge, references to the table numbers in GSTR-3B.
GSTR-2
GSTR-2 is currently a suspended GST return applied to registered buyers to report the inward supplies of goods and services, i.e., purchases made during a tax period.
GSTR-2 is to be filed by all normal taxpayers registered under GST. The details in the GSTR-2 return had to be auto-populated from the GSTR-2A. Unlike GSTR-2A, the GSTR-2 return can be edited. However, the same filing has been suspended ever since September 2017.
GSTR-3
GSTR-3 is again currently a suspended GST return. It was a monthly summary return for furnishing summarized details of all outward supplies made, inward supplies received, and input tax credit claimed, along with the tax liability and taxes paid.
This return would have been auto-generated based on the GSTR-1 and GSTR-2 returns filed. GSTR-3 is to be filed by all normal taxpayers registered under GST. However, the filing of the same has been suspended
ever since September 2017.
GSTR-3B
GSTR-3B is a monthly self-declaration to be filed for furnishing summarised details of all outward supplies made, input tax credit claimed, tax liability ascertained and taxes paid.
GSTR-3B is to be filed by all normal taxpayers registered under GST. The sales and input tax credit details must be reconciled with GSTR-1 and GSTR-2B every tax period before filing GSTR-3B. GST reconciliation is crucial to identify mismatches in data that may lead to GST notices in the future or suspension of GST registration.
The filing frequency of GSTR-3B is currently as follows:
(a) Monthly, 20th* of every month- For taxpayers with an aggregate turnover in the previous financial year of more than Rs.5 crore or have been otherwise eligible but still opted out of the QRMP scheme.
(b) Quarterly, 22nd of the month following the quarter for ‘X’** category of States and 24th of the month following the quarter for ‘Y’** category of States- For the taxpayers with aggregate turnover equal to or below Rs 5 crore, eligible and remain opted into the QRMP scheme.
Effective from January 2021 tax period onwards. Previously, it was as follows-
(i) Was staggered as 20th (turnover of previous FY was more than Rs.5 crore), 22nd and 24th (turnover of last FY was up to Rs.5 crore, for ‘X’ and ‘Y’ category of States) of every month, from January 2020 till December 2020.
(ii) It Was the 20th of every month till December 2019.
‘X’ category States/UT – Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Goa, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana or Andhra Pradesh or the Union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Puducherry, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep.
‘Y’ category States/UT- Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya, Assam, West Bengal, Jharkhand or Odisha or the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Chandigarh and New Delhi.
GSTR-4
GSTR-4 is the annual return filed by the composition taxable persons under GST by 30th April of the year following the relevant financial year. It replaced the erstwhile GSTR-9A (annual return) from FY 2019-20.
Before FY 2019-20, this return had to be filed every quarter. After that, a simple challan in form CMP-08 filed by 18th of the month succeeding every quarter replaced it.
The composition scheme is a system in which taxpayers dealing with goods and turnover up to Rs.1.5 crores can opt into and pay taxes at a fixed rate on the turnover declared. Further, the service providers can avail a similar scheme, CGST (Rate) Notification 2/2019 dated 7th March 2019, if turnover is Rs.50 lakh.
GSTR-5
GSTR-5 is the return to be filed by non-resident foreign taxpayers registered under GST and carry out business transactions in India.
The return contains details of all outward supplies made; inward supplies received, credit/debit notes, tax liability and taxes paid.
The GSTR-5 return must be filed monthly by the 20th of each month under GSTIN that the taxpayer is registered in India.
GSTR-5A
GSTR-5A refers to a summary return for reporting the outward taxable supplies and tax payable by Online Information and Database Access or Retrieval Services (OIDAR) provider under GST.
The due date to file GSTR-5A is the 20th of every month.
GSTR-6
GSTR-6 is a monthly return filed by an Input Service Distributor (ISD).
It will contain details of input tax credit received and distributed by the ISD. It will further contain details of all documents issued for the distribution of input credit and the manner of distribution.
The due date to file GSTR-6 is the 13th of every month.
GSTR-7
GSTR-7 is a monthly return filed by persons required to deduct TDS (Tax deducted at source) under GST.
This return will contain details of TDS deducted, the TDS liability payable and paid, and TDS refund claimed, if any.
The due date to file GSTR-7 is the 10th of every month.
GSTR-8
GSTR-8 is a monthly return to be filed by e-commerce operators registered under the GST who are required to collect tax at source (TCS).
It contains details of all supplies made through the e-commerce platform and the TCS collected.
The GSTR-8 return is to be filed every month by the 10th.
GSTR-9
GSTR-9 is the annual return to be filed by taxpayers registered under GST. As per the GST law, it is due by 31st December of the year following the relevant financial year.
It contains the details of all outward supplies made, inward supplies received during the relevant financial year under different tax heads, i.e. CGST, SGST & IGST, a summary value of supplies reported under every HSN code, and details of taxes payable and paid.
It is a consolidation of all the monthly or quarterly returns (GSTR-1, GSTR-2A, GSTR-3B) filed during that financial year. GSTR-9 is required to be filed by all taxpayers registered under GST.
However, a few exceptions include taxpayers who have opted for the composition scheme, casual taxable persons, input service distributors, non-resident taxable persons, and persons paying TDS under section 51 of the CGST Act.
Note: As per the CGST notification no. 47/2019, later amended, the annual return under GST for taxpayers having an aggregate turnover that does not exceed Rs.2 crore has been made optional for FY 2017-18, FY 2018-19 and FY 2019-20.
GSTR-9A
GSTR-9A is currently a suspended annual return required to be filed by composition taxpayers. It had a consolidation of all the quarterly returns filed during that financial year.
Since GSTR-4 (annual return) was introduced from FY 2019-20, this return stands scrapped. Before that, GSTR-9A filing for composition taxpayers had been waived off for FY 2017-18 and FY 2018-19.
GSTR-9C
GSTR-9C is the reconciliation statement to be filed by all taxpayers registered under GST whose turnover exceeds Rs.2 crore in a financial year, as per the GST law.
It must be certified by a Chartered Accountant/Cost & Management Accountant after conducting a thorough GST audit of the books of accounts and comparing the figures with the GSTR-9.
The deadline to file this statement is the same as the due date prescribed for GSTR-9, i.e., 31st December of the year following the relevant financial year.
GSTR-9C is to be filed for every GSTIN. Hence, one PAN can have multiple GSTR-9C forms being filed.
As per the Union Budget 2021 outcome, the GST audit requirement by professionals such as CAs and CMAs has been removed from the GST law. Sections 35 and 44 were amended for this but are yet to be notified by CBIC. Accordingly, GSTR-9 needs to be filed on the GST portal by taxpayers on a self-certification basis, completely removing the requirement for GSTR-9C. However, the financial year and date of applicability of this removal are yet to be clarified by the government.
Note: As per the CBIC notification 16/2020, which was further amended, GSTR-9C is waived off for the taxpayers with an aggregate turnover of more than Rs.5 crore for 2018-19 and 2019-20.
GSTR-10
GSTR-10 is filed by a taxable person whose registration has been cancelled or surrendered. This return is also called a final return and must be filed within three months from the cancellation or cancellation order, whichever is earlier.
GSTR-11
GSTR-11 is the return to be filed by persons who have been issued a Unique Identity Number (UIN) to get a refund under GST for the goods and services in India. UIN is a classification made for foreign diplomatic missions and embassies not liable to tax in India to get a refund of taxes. GSTR-11 will contain details of inward supplies received and refund claimed.
Late filing of GST Returns
Return filing is mandatory under GST. Even if there is no transaction, you must file a Nil return.
There are a few points to note:
- You cannot file a return if you do not file the previous month/quarter’s return.
- Hence, late filing of GST returns will cascade, leading to heavy fines and penalties.
- The late filing fee of the GSTR-1 is populated in the liability ledger of GSTR-3B filed immediately after such delay.
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